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Nasadiya Sukta - Summary

Below is the Sanskrit Text, Bengali Text, ITRANS transliteration and translation/summary of the entire Nasadiya Sukta. नासद् आसीन् नो सद् आसीत् तदानीं नासीद् रजो नो व्योमा परो यत् किम् आवरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्न् अम्भः किम् आसीद् गहनं गभीरम् न मृत्युर् आसीद् अमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत् प्रकेतः आनीद् अवातं स्वधया तद् एकं तस्माद् धान्यन् न परः किं चनास तम आसीत् तमसा गूऌहम् अग्रे ऽप्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वम् आ इदम् तुच्छ्येनाभ्व् अपिहितं यद् आसीत् तपसस् तन् महिनाजायतैकम् कामस् तद् अग्रे सम् अवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यद् आसीत् सतो बन्धुम् असति निर् अविन्दन् हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिर् एषाम् अधः स्विद् आसी३द् उपरि स्विद् आसीत् रेतोधा आसन् महिमान आसन् स्वधा अवस्तात् प्रयतिः परस्तात् को अद्धा वेद क इह प्र वोचत् कुत आजाता कुत इयं विसृष्टिः अर्वाग् देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथा को वेद यत आबभूव इयं विसृष्टिर् यत आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न यो अस्याध्यक्षः परमे व्योमन् सो अङ्ग वेद यदि वा न वेद নাসদ আসীন নো সদ আসীত তদানীং নাসীদ রজো নো ব্যোমা পরো যত কিম আবরীবঃ কুহ কস্...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 07

Sloka 7 (Concluding Sloka) Continued from Part 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ iyaM visRuShTiryata AbabhUva | yadi vA dadhe yadi vA na | yo asyAdhyakShaH parame vyomann | so aMga veda yadi vA na veda || 7 || iyaM visRuShTiH yata AbabhUva  yadi vA dadhe yadi vA na. yo asya adhyakShaH parame vyomann so aMga veda yadi vA na veda. This creation of (this universal) existence (earth/ universe), perhaps He placed (it there) or perhaps not. The one who is the (Absolute) Lord of the Supreme Cosmos, He would definitely know .... or maybe even He does not. Words used in Sandhi Analysis iyaM - this visRShTi - creation yat - that/ which bhUva - of the Universe yadi - perhaphs. if vA - or dadhe -put/ give/ place Yo - One who asya - of this adhyakShaH - visible/ lord/ master parame - most excellent/ absolute/ supreme vyomam - heaven/ sky/ earth/ ether/ cosmos veda - know ------------------------------------------------...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 06

Sloka 6 Continued from Part 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ko addhA veda ka iha pravochat kut AjAtA kut iyaM visRuShTiH | arvAgdevA asya visarjanena athA ko veda yata AbabhUva || 6 || ko addhA veda ? ka iha pravochat ? kut AjAtA ? kut iyaM visRuShTiH ? arvAgdevA asya visarjanAya athA. ko veda yata AbabhUva ? How can this be know with certainty? (Who can tell this to us with certainty?) Who here can tell us? From where was it born? From where was it released/ projected? The Gods came subsequent (to this creation). How then can the (birth of) this world/ universe (existence) be known? (Who then knows (about the) birth of this world/ universe? (existence)) Words used in Sandhi Analysis ko - Oh no! / a prefix related to ku where originally ku signified how addhA - in this way/ manifestly/ truly/ most certainly veda - knowledge / to know ka - who iha - here pravachan - exposition ajAta - unborn kutaH - from where? ...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 05

Sloka5 Continued from Part 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ tirashchIno vitato rashmireShAmadhaH | svidAsI duparisvidAsI | retodhA AsanmahimAn Asanna | svadho avastAt prayatiH parastAt || 5 || tiras chIno vitato rashmiH eShaA madhaH svit Asit upari svit Asit reto dhA Asan mahimAn Asanna svadho avastAt prayatIH parastAt The cord (or connection between existence and non-existence referred to in the previous sloka) or rays, cut accross and spread in all directions (in the middle or perhaps above). It was insemination (of existence) by the Great Self, above and below. Words Used in Sandhi Analysis tiras - Across chinnati / chid - cut through, vitati - diffuse, expand, spread rashmi - ray of light/ cord esha - this madhaH - middle svit - perhaps retodhya - Insemination Asan - they were mahimAn - Great One avastAt - below prayati - giving parasTat - futher away/ above As is evident, the imagery still seems to be that ...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 04

Sloka 4 Continued from Part 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ kAmastadagre samavartatAdhi | manaso retaH prathamaM yadAsIt | sato bandhumasati niravindanna | hRudi pratIShyA kavayo manIShA || 4 || kAmas tat agre sama vartata adhi. manaso retaH prathamaM yat asIt. sato bandhuma sati na ira vindan hridhi prati ishya kavayo manIsha. Desire was first (created), by It's same-motion (vibration). This was the Primal seed (of desire) in the mind. The relation/ connection/ join between existence and non-existence, they (the Seers) found out, by reflecting (on the matter) in their heart, and have accepted (this). Words used in Sandhi Analysis kAma - Desire agre - at first sama - same vartat - motion (root - vrit) sama-vartat - same-motion or repeated motion = vibration (probably the Seer is trying to draw a parallel to the process of biological pro-creation) adhi - from it/ over/ above manaso - In the mind retaH - Sp...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 03

Sloka 3 Continued from Part 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tama āsīt tamasā ghūḷamaghre. praketaṃ salilaṃ sarvamāidam | tuchyenābhvapihitaṃ yadāsīt tapasastanmahinājāyataikam ||  3 tama Asit tamasA gUhlam agre. praketam salilam sarvamA idam. tucchya ena Abhva pihitam yat Asit,  tapas stan mahina jAyate aikam. At first darkness lay hidden in darkness (or nothing-ness existed in nothing-ness, but concealed). (And/ thus) water was visible everywhere. (From) the gigantic all pervading void/ emptiness (that) existed, With a mighty reverberation, the One was born, out of Contemplation. Words used in Sandhi Analysis tama - night/ drakness gUh - hidden/ concealed salil - water tuCchya - Void/ Emptiness Abhva - gigantic pihitam - enclosed/ pervaded stan - resound/ reverberate/ roar/ thunder/ mahina - great/ mighty A note on Tapas tapas - that Contemplation which leads to Creation (literally penance/ austerity)...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 02

Sloka 2 Continued from Part 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- न मृत्युरासीदमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत्प्रकेतः । आनीदवातं स्वधया तदेकं तस्माद्धान्यन्न परः किं चनास ॥२॥ na mR^ityurAsIdamR^itaM na tarhi na rAtryA ahna AsItpraketaH | AnIdavAtaM svadhayA tadekaM tasmAddhAnyanna paraH kiM chanAsa ||2||        nA mrtyu asit amrtyum na tarhi. na ratrya Ahna asit praketah.. Ana(h)i id ava atam svadhya tat ekam tasmad (?) anya na para kim cha na as Neither was there death, nor immortality then. Neither was there any sight of night and day. Motionless (it was) most definitely/ assuredly. That One (became) an animated/vibrating entity/ consciousness, by its own Self Nature. There was none other. Words I have used in the Sandhi Analysis tarhi - at that time Ahna - day praketah - appearence, sight Anah - to become stopped - Anah-yate id - definitely, assuredly - often used to emphasize the subject ava - to animat...

Nasadiya Sukta - Part 01

Nasadiya Sukta is the 129th hymn on the 10th mandala (book) of the Rig Veda. It is one of the oldest hymns in Hindusim which deals with the origin of the universe, creation, existence, reality, appearence and evolution. It has 7 slokas. Although Nasadiya Sukta is short in length, the rishi contemplates a lot of philosophical issues and packs in a lot of analysis on various cosmological thought constructs in these few lines. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sloka 1 नासदासीन्नो सदासीत्तदानीं नासीद्रजो नो व्योमा परो यत् । किमावरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्नम्भः किमासीद्गहनं गभीरम् ॥१॥ nAsadAsInno sadAsIttadAnIM nAsIdrajo no vyomA paro yat | kimAvarIvaH kuha kasya sharmannambhaH kimAsIdgahanaM gabhIram ||1|| ná ásat āsīt ná u sát āsīt tadânīm. na asit rajo na u vioma paro yat. kím ávarīvaḥ? kúha? kásya śármann? ambha kim asit gahanam gabhiram? Neither was there non-existence, nor was there existence then Neither was there land, nor the heav...